ABSTRACT
When explained as episodic, disasters are often based on its carrier agents, its temporality, its duration, and emerging attributions of industrial, sudden, slow disasters, etc. However, when the ability of authorities is incorporated, disasters are also intertwined with crises and incidents. In a long-term period, they can appear simultaneously and interchangeably. In such a situation, we are both perpetrators and survivors, because disasters, incidents, and crises are closely related to the illusions of control, especially the overconfidence of human ability to stem risks—say from a gas drilling by relying on science and technology. Thus, being able to control is an exchange of losses—the accumulation of national capital with the price of socio-ecological damages of local communities. In the context of restoring mental condition of survivors, as the payer, it becomes a complicated matter, especially when traditional psychological approach is being used and relying more on the modification and individual intervention to overcome problems which are systemic. Disasters took away individual, household, social, and cultural capitals. The subsequent question is: how do the survivors live in such social and environmental vulnerability which continues to increase? Popular terms such as “coping” and “adaptation” are insufficient to explain this because “coping” is a modification of individual’s internal system while “adaptation” is relatively carried out in a “manageable” situation framework. So, we shifted to “resilience” as to the ability to peel all of this. However, caution needs to be applied in the use of the concept which has recently become increasingly popular and has begun to be familiar in state-institutions, replacing the discourse of “sustainability”. The concept of “resilience” is included because it contains a positive final solution. In short, even though the crisis is not taken seriously and fully resolved, the system will automatically renew itself. Fortunately, there is hope that this concept can still be accessed as long as it is on the map of power relations and considering the context. A kind of ecological framework which involves various elements is stratified and contains relationships between social-ecological systems so that resilience must lead to transformative adaptations targeting the root causes of a problem from a corrosive human civilization. Thus, a critical view, local and containing practical work, including empowering networks, becomes an option that gives a glimmer of hope in the dark clouds. Furthermore, when talking about locality, the embodied everyday life will become the seed of memory which is more authentic than the dream of bureaucrats. This memory ensures the survival of a community so that it must be collected and made as input to the dominant system.
